List of Articles Dog

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  1 - Isolation and Determination of Antibiotic Resistance of Salmonella and Staphylococcus Isolated from Dog and Cat Diets
  Ebrahim  Janmohammadi Firooz Mehdi  Sharifi Soltani Atefeh Bozorgi
  20.1001.1.24235695.1400.8.1.2.6
  Bacterial contamination and widespread use of antibiotics lead to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to isolate Salmonella and Staphylococcus from diets used for dog and cat and to determine their antibiotic resistance. 50 samples More

  Bacterial contamination and widespread use of antibiotics lead to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to isolate Salmonella and Staphylococcus from diets used for dog and cat and to determine their antibiotic resistance. 50 samples of dog and cat dry diets were collected. For isolation of Salmonella, culture in liquid Selenite-F, Bismuth sulfite, xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) and Salmonella Chromogenic agar were used and for the detection of Staphylococcus, Baird-Parker and mannitol-salt agar. Antibiogram testing was performed by disk diffusion method. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software, chi-square test and independent t-test (p≤0.05). Salmonella and Staphylococcus infections were 72% and 20% in dog food and 26% and 80% in cat food, respectively. 100% of the dry bulk feed of cats infected with Salmonella and Staphylococcus and 100% of the samples of dry bulk feed of dogs were infected with Salmonella. 100% of Salmonella strains were resistant to all antibiotics. There was a significant relationship between the level of bacterial contamination and the type of diet (p≤0.05). The presence of bacteria along with antibiotic resistance was identified in this study. Hygiene principles and microbial evaluations are necessary to control and prevent food contamination with bacteria. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Anesthetic management differences between small animal and horse
  Nasser Vesal
  20.1001.1.24235695.1399.7.2.1.0
  Veterinary anesthesia is a relatively new science that uses different drugs and techniques to provide optimal condition (analgesia, immobility, muscle relaxation and amnesia) to perform various medical, diagnostic and surgical procedures in domestic, exotic and wild ani More

  Veterinary anesthesia is a relatively new science that uses different drugs and techniques to provide optimal condition (analgesia, immobility, muscle relaxation and amnesia) to perform various medical, diagnostic and surgical procedures in domestic, exotic and wild animals. In order to perform a safe sedation, analgesia, local and general anesthesia, adequate scientific knowledge of anatomy, physiology and pharmacology of the species are required. The most common species that referred for surgical procedures are small animal (cat and dog) and horses. Although surgical procedure are also performed on ruminants, general anesthesia is not common in these species due to some specific reasons (economic costs, bloat, regurgitation and easily performed standing surgeries in cattle). There are several anatomical, physiological and pharmacological differences as well as difference in body weight and temperament between small animal and horses that should be considered before anesthesia. The present paper discusses the major differences that require appropriate preoperative preparation when conducting anesthesia in small animal and horses. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Laparoscopic ovariectomy in dogs: a comparison of the Ligasure, Ultrasound, Bipolar, and Ligature methods
  Mohammad Yasan Bangash Mir Sepehr Pedram Sanaz Banifazl Mohammad Molazem Maryam Iran Manesh Fariba Khaki Yazdan Aryazand
  20.1001.1.24235695.1400.8.1.3.7
  Introduction: Laparoscopic ovariectomy is one of the common procedures performed in adult female dogs. The objective of this study was to compare the intraoperative and postoperative effects of laparoscopic ovariectomy with four hemostasis methods including Ligasure(LS) More

  Introduction: Laparoscopic ovariectomy is one of the common procedures performed in adult female dogs. The objective of this study was to compare the intraoperative and postoperative effects of laparoscopic ovariectomy with four hemostasis methods including Ligasure(LS), Ultrasound scalpel(US), Bipolar(BP) electrosurgery, and ligature(LT). Materials and Methods: 9 adult mix breed female dogs divided into four groups (LS, US, and LT(n=2); BP (n=3)). Total operation time(TT), Total hemostasis time(HT), presence of hemorrhage was recorded during surgery. In the 7th day objects euthanized to investigate abdominal cavity for gross pathologic changes such as presence of adhesion, and histopathological changes due to thermal damage in organs adjacent to anatomic region of ovaries such as uterine horns. Results: Both TT and HT significantly reduced in LS and US groups in comparison with BP group (P<0.05). TT and HT in LT group were significantly more than BP group. Minimum adhesion score were detected in LS and US groups (no significant difference) which were significantly lesser than BP group (P<0.05). In LT group granuloma around suture material were detected. Thermal damage on uterine horn were significantly higher in BP and LS groups (no significant difference) than US and LT(with no thermal injury) groups (p<0.05). Discussion and Conclusion: Application of easy, fast, safe method of hemostasis with minimal thermal damage and postoperative complications is mandatory in laparoscopic ovariectomy. Use of Ultrasonic scalpel in comparision with other methods was fast, and the most applicable with minimum thermal injury and postoperative complications in laparoscopic ovariectomy. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Ligament injuries and their management in the hind limbs of dogs
  Ramin Mazaheri-Khameneh Mohammadmahdi Gooran Seyed Siavash Ghoreishi
  20.1001.1.24235695.1399.7.2.9.8
  Ligament injuries are one of the most common injuries in small animals. These injuries can cause sudden pain, lameness and even weight intolerance. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment greatly increase the likelihood of successful treatment. Chronic injuries usually do More

  Ligament injuries are one of the most common injuries in small animals. These injuries can cause sudden pain, lameness and even weight intolerance. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment greatly increase the likelihood of successful treatment. Chronic injuries usually do not respond well to treatment and weaken the prognosis of treatment. Injury to the cruciate ligaments, followed by damage to the collateral ligaments, is one of the most common injuries to the knee joint. There are many ways to diagnose and confirm these injuries. These include ultrasonography and radiography. Numerous strategies for diagnosing and treating ligament injuries have been presented in previous studies, some of which have been attempted during this study. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Evaluation of effects of different cannulas and the initial incision size, on skin and underlying tissues in laparoscopic procedures in dog model.
  Mahdieh Katebian Mohamad Hejazi roja ebrahimi jalal rezaie hossein marjanmehr hossein asheq farnaz mahmoodzadegan hesam adin akbarein
  20.1001.1.24235695.1400.8.1.8.2
  Objective- While many of studies have evaluated effects of trocar on incision characteristics non has taken the design of the cannula into consideration. This study was conducted to figure out the type of cannula design which is associated with a better healing at the i More

  Objective- While many of studies have evaluated effects of trocar on incision characteristics non has taken the design of the cannula into consideration. This study was conducted to figure out the type of cannula design which is associated with a better healing at the insertion site, and to investigate if the size of incision in the port site has an effect on the healing process. Procedure-6 trocars were inserted in each dog. five animals were used, allowing the total number of 10 insertions for 7 mm incisions and threaded cannula (group A), 10 insertions for 10 mm incision and threaded cannula (group B) and 10 for 10 mm incision and smooth cannula (Group C), which constituted 3 groups of study. Results-Macroscopic and Histopathology comparison between group A and group B revealed significantly higher degenerative changes and necrosis in the dermal and muscle layer and a higher loss of the peritoneal lining in group A than B. Hemorrhage in the dermal layer of the skin and acute inflammatory reaction was significantly higher in group B compared with C . Conclusions - This study showed that a smaller incision than the trocar’s external diameter has destructive effects on the tissues. Moreover, using a trocar with a threaded cannula can have harmful effects on the surrounding tissues and it is considered more destructive than a smooth cannula. Manuscript profile
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  6 - An update to treatment of canine atopic dermatitis
  Javad Khoshnegah
  Atopic dermatitis is a common pruritic and inflammatory dermatosis with genetic background and specific clinical manifestations. The present study was carried out with the aim of improving the knowledge and integration of the treatment protocols of veterinarians in Iran More

  Atopic dermatitis is a common pruritic and inflammatory dermatosis with genetic background and specific clinical manifestations. The present study was carried out with the aim of improving the knowledge and integration of the treatment protocols of veterinarians in Iran. The current research is a review based on the based on the task force for the treatment of canine atopic dermatitis (International Committee of Allergic Diseases of Animals) and a summary of the author's researches in the field of dermatology. The treatment of acute flares of canine atopic dermatitis should involve three parts; 1- To search for and then to eliminate the causes and/or aggravating allergens such as plant pollen allergens, house dust mites (dermatophagoides), pyoderma and/or Malassezia dermatitis. 2- Antimicrobial treatment and improvement of skin and hair health, such as bathing with mild shampoos. 3- To control pruritus and skin lesions with interventions that include topical and oral glucocorticoids, oral Oclacitinib, and injectable recombinant interferons. 4- Immunotherapy using specific allergens and prophylactic administration of topical glucocorticoids are the only interventions that may prevent or delay the recurrence of dermatitis. There is no conclusive evidence to prove the efficacy of: 1- Antihistamines in the treatment of atopic dermatitis in dogs 2- Administration of oral essential fatty acids due to the long time required for any effective effect. The treatment of acute flares of atopic dermatitis is multifaceted, and in order to achieve the optimal therapeutic effect, therapeutic interventions must be combined. Before designing a treatment plan, it is necessary to consider the quality of life of dogs and their owners, as well as the preference of the owner's opinion. Manuscript profile
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  7 - patellar luxation in dogs
  Alireza Shaikhzadeh Amin Bigham-Sadegh
  20.1001.1.24235695.1402.10.1.10.8
  Patellar luxation is a common orthopedic problem in dogs. Both large and small breed dogs may be affected; the disease may be seen in cats as well. Medial luxation is more common than lateral luxation and is usually diagnosed in dogs of small breed. patellar luxation ba More

  Patellar luxation is a common orthopedic problem in dogs. Both large and small breed dogs may be affected; the disease may be seen in cats as well. Medial luxation is more common than lateral luxation and is usually diagnosed in dogs of small breed. patellar luxation based on severity of occurred changes divided to 4 different grades. Patellar luxation is a congenital/developmental disorder, but it could be secondary to traumatic accident causing tearing or stretching of the joint capsule and fascia, leading to femoropatellar instability. Diagnosis is based on clinical evidence of patellar instability; however, diagnostic imaging is required to assess the amount of skeletal deformity and then the most appropriate method of treatment. Clinical signs of dogs with patellar luxation can vary from animal to animal and are only partially related to the degree of concomitant skeletal deformities. Lameness may be intermittent or continuous, and usually is a mild-to-moderate weight bearing lameness with occasional lifting of the limb. Concurrent rupture of the CrCL has been reported in a study in 41% of the stifle joints of dogs with medial patellar luxation. Surgical options include both soft tissue and osseous techniques, however, in most of the cases, a combination of more procedures is used to achieve the correction of the luxation. Complication rate is generally low and the most common complications include reluxation and implant-associated complications. Prognosis is generally favorable, with most of the dogs returning to normal limb function. This article describes patellar luxation features in dogs, including clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options available Manuscript profile